This study was conducted to support the implementation of cost-effective EE measures and achieve a large-scale transformation of the region’s economy.  The general approach to the study was first the conducting interviews with key experts and a desk study to establish a long list of EE instruments to be considered and then establishing a final list of the countries to be included in the study.  A set of evaluation criteria was developed and applied to the list of instruments, first from the perspective of the entire region and then for the selected countries.  Per country, four instruments were chosen for more in-depth study.