Travel by car and plane are primary sources of greenhouse gas emissions in tourism.  3 out of 4 guests in Austria use the car and around 10% travel by plane.  It is expected that the number of guests arriving by plane will increase after the coronavirus pandemic.  Technological improvements and societal trends will not ...

Companies are not required to disclose the information that investors need to price climate risk.  Voluntary frameworks, like the Task Force on Climate-Related Financial Disclosures (TCFD), do not bring about the necessary change.  This has led to mispricing climate risk and capital misallocation, which harms investors ...

This resource supports local government planning authorities, owners, developers, architects and investors in the sustainable development of new or refurbishment of existing hotels.  It can be used during all phases of the development process to ensure that hotels are built with minimal impact on the local environment ...

Material flow accounting provides a statistical framework measuring natural resource extraction, trade in natural resources, waste disposal and emissions.  Domestic material consumption and material footprint are used as a proxy for overall environmental pressure within a national economy and the impact of a national e ...

The GRI Standards are global public reporting best practices on economic, environmental and social impacts.  Reporting based on the standards provides information about an organization’s positive or negative contributions towards sustainable development for integration into its strategy, to identify financial risks and ...

There's some discrepancy in how such rating agencies as Bloomberg, MSCI and Sustainalytics are measuring the ESG risk in the performance of supply chains.  To accurately measure a company’s ESG risks, also its end-to-end supply chain operations must be considered.  The EU's new Sustainable Finance Disclosure Regulation ...

The Cornell Hotel Sustainability Benchmarking Index (CHSB) is the hotel industry’s largest annual benchmarking of energy, water, and carbon emissions.  It is an industry-led global data collection and benchmarking initiative, with more than 18,000 hotels contributing information on their energy and water usage and gree ...

PRI lists 25 SDG reporting initiatives according to focus.  Some are a mechanism for disclosure and reporting on SDG investments or impact financing.  Others allow for measuring and reporting on the implementation of the SDGs by businesses and their alignment with corporate sustainability benchmarks.  United Nations Gl ...

This paper proposes a sustainable strategic management model (SSMM) for small- and medium-sized (SME) hotel companies, which have to contribute to the 2030 Agenda.  Adding the SDG perspective, it is a holistic proposal with a multi-stakeholder approach to enable them to focus on the well-being of people and the planet. ...

EU securities regulation has established a taxonomy of environmentally sustainable financial activities that potentially supports sustainable corporate governance.  This paper argues that including environmental sustainability in EU mandatory disclosure aligns the incentives of institutional investors with the interest ...

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) standards are widely adopted instruments for supporting firms in becoming more accountable, while noncompliance limits their effectiveness and legitimacy.  This paper investigates the design of 50 CSR standards across different standard types (principle-based, reporting, certificat ...

One solution to the widespread or long-term damage to the environment gaining support is to make ecocide a crime and punishable by international justice.  Major events that massively destroy ecosystems would thus fall under the jurisdiction of the international criminal court.  This would allow citizens to hold compani ...

The role of the EU in the UN climate process has traditionally been to drive the talks and build the needed high ambition coalition.  But, according to green groups, diplomats, observers and allies, the EU appeared at COP26 ineffective, constrained and inept at times.  Where the EU was present and represented in negoti ...

Construction and real estate have been central to the debates on sustainable development. Where the dominant definition of sustainability in the built environment focuses on the environmental dimension, the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) offer new opportunities for the building sector to expand its focus.  Gre ...

Building designers are attempting to integrate the 2030 Agenda and its Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) into projects.  This has limited the development of novel approaches as well as new building design methodologies that specifically aim at attaining the agenda’s targets.  To help building design teams achieve th ...