The European Commission must determine which economic activities in the EU can be labeled as a sustainable investment based on their meeting strict environmental criteria.  It is expected that the Sustainable Finance and EU Taxonomy will define nuclear power as a “green”, “transition”, or even an "amber" technology.  T ...

Level(s) specifies technical screening criteria for investments in the built environment that support the EU’s objective to reduce the whole-life carbon impact of new buildings.  It is part of the Sustainable Finance and EU Taxonomy package that defines activities that contribute significantly to climate change mitigat ...

Embodied energy is the energy consumed by all processes associated with the production of a product – from the mining and processing of natural resources to the manufacturing, transport and delivery of the finished product.  It is the energy consumed in the extraction of materials and production of the products used to ...

The Hotel Waste Measurement Methodology provides a common approach for the hotel industry to collect data, and measure and report food waste.  The measurement methodology allows major brands and individual properties to set meaningful goals to reduce food waste, keep food out of landfills, and track progress over time ...

Biomass is considered a sustainable energy source with significant potentials for replacing fossil fuels and electricity for heating purposes.  However, present residential wood combustion can be a significant source of ambient urban air pollutants such as hydrocarbons and particulate matter.  The majority of the wood- ...

During COP26 – the 26th UN Climate Change Conference of the Parties – government officials and business leaders will present their latest commitments to cut greenhouse-gas emissions.  Scientists will also discuss efforts to track emissions, understand impacts, and advance potential climate solutions.  With its traditio ...

To meet 1.5° climate targets of the Paris Agreement by 2040, we must eliminate all CO2 emissions from the building sector.  Why the built environment?  Buildings generate nearly 40% of annual global GHG emissions.  Of emissions, building operations are annually responsible for 28% while building materials and construct ...

COP26 is the 26th United Nations annual climate change "Conference of Parties" (COP) to build awareness and stimulate dialog on climate action and participation.  The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is among the largest international meetings of governments, the private sector and civil s ...

Architects and designers are failing to engage with the UN's drive to reduce carbon emissions.  None of the 50 largest architects signed up to the UN’s Race to Zero campaign, which is the UN initiative to get companies to commit to achieving net-zero emissions by 2050.  Architects and designers are in a unique position ...

Level(s) is a simple entry point for applying circular economy principles in our built environment and a flexible solution for identifying sustainability hotspots and for future-proofing projects and portfolio. It provides a common language for assessing and reporting on the sustainability performance of buildings. Lev ...

Studies show that consumption by buildings attributable to real estate development around the world is 30-40% per year.  As much as 50% of minerals from natural resources is consumed by the construction industry.  Real estate development produces around 33% of atmospheric CO2 while construction and building operations ...

The impacts of climate change are especially tangible in dense urban areas due to the inherent characteristics of urban structure and materiality.  As the climate change impacts are intensifying, climate adaptation, mitigation and protecting strategies are becoming even more important.  To assess the impacts of climate ...

This is an introduction to the efforts of environmental defenders to protect and conserve the ecological integrity of the ecosystems of their communities.  The fulfillment of the international community’s commitment to the protection of the environment is premised on the empowerment of environmental defenders.  Environ ...

The Center for Constitutional Rights (CCR) discusses the creative use of law as a positive force for social change and developing a distinctive set of tools and strategies.  It suggests employing justice-enabling constitutional principles, applying underutilized rules and rulings, using litigation to move actors out of ...

This theory-building paper argues that there are four mechanisms by which legal strategies can enhance accountability.  The courts can help those affected by policy failures to overcome the collective action problem.  The courts can provide civil society with access to information about rights violations, malfeasance, ...